New Jersey the communist state

If you want more of something, subsidize it. If you want less of something, tax it. What you propose doing is taxing winners to subsidize losers. Dog was correct in his last part as well, you will have fewer and fewer winners and ever greater numbers of losers until the entire system collapses in on itself.

it could easily be argued that the oft mentioned income inequality is a direct result of disincentive associated with the welfare state. the general character of a people can advance or delay the process but the end result is the same.


What is the "incentive" and where does it come from? Neither you nor Freeman have actually stated it explicitly but you both seem to implicitly suggest that the "incentive" we all have is to reach some level of economic equality with those at the top. If that's the case, then it's absurd. The real incentive within all of us is Selfishness, a desire to improve one's own self, and no level of inequality could ever erase that incentive.

our friend from down under comes from a people who have a better work ethic than most so his opinions are colored by that. but in the end, even Australia with its wealth of natural resources will be dragged down.
 
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it could easily be argued that the oft mentioned income inequality is a direct result of disincentive associated with the welfare state. the general character of a people can advance or delay the process but the end result is the same.




our friend from down under comes from a people who have a better work ethic than most so his opinions are colored by that. but in the end, even Australia with its wealth of natural resources will be dragged down.
I will just describe the Experiment that Freeman used .
Ïn labortory experement Alex Geber and I organised subjects into groups of six and asked each person to solve the packet of mazes. We rewarded them for the number of mazes they completed under the incentive system that gives large prize to the person who ranked higher in the maze competition and nothing to the rest; and an intermediate system that gave increasing reward to persons who ranked higher in the maze competition.
Figure 2 shows the design produce an inverse U .relation between inequality and output. The group with the lowest incentive (the purple) had the lowest output, the group in which only the top person earned a prize (the black) had a modestly high output, while the group with the middling level of inequality( the blue_ solved the highest number of mazes. Richard B Freeman
 
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I will just describe the Experiment that Freeman used .
Ïn labortory experement Alex Geber and I organised subjects into groups of six and asked each person to solve the packet of mazes. We rewarded them for the number of mazes they completed under the incentive system that gives large prize to the person who ranked higher in the maze competition and nothing to the rest; and an intermediate system that gave increasing reward to persons who ranked higher in the maze competition.
Figure 2 shows the design produce an inverse U .relation between inequality and output. The group with the lowest incentive (the purple) had the lowest output, the group in which only the top person earned a prize (the black) had a modestly high output, while the group with the middling level of inequality( the blue_ solved the highest number of mazes. Richard B Freeman


well its an interesting pasttime but bears no relationship with the real world. I prefer observing the real thing or reading about it's history. the millions of additional variables makes for very different results.
 
I will just describe the Experiment that Freeman used .
Ïn labortory experement Alex Geber and I organised subjects into groups of six and asked each person to solve the packet of mazes. We rewarded them for the number of mazes they completed under the incentive system that gives large prize to the person who ranked higher in the maze competition and nothing to the rest; and an intermediate system that gave increasing reward to persons who ranked higher in the maze competition.
Figure 2 shows the design produce an inverse U .relation between inequality and output. The group with the lowest incentive (the purple) had the lowest output, the group in which only the top person earned a prize (the black) had a modestly high output, while the group with the middling level of inequality( the blue_ solved the highest number of mazes. Richard B Freeman
Let's see if we can translate those "incentive systems" into economic systems...

Purple represents the Communist system - Everyone who participated got exactly the same reward as everyone else regardless of achievement.

Blue would approximate a Capitalist system - Participants were rewarded in accordance with their achievement, the higher the level of accomplishment, the higher the level of compensation. Furthermore, each participant was able to keep what they had earned without fear of it being taken away and redistributed to participants who either didn't bother trying or had lower levels of achievement.

Black is a mystery, I have no idea what economic system that could possibly represent, the entire premise of that system being an economic system is absurd. My only guess would be that it approximates the reward system in sports, where the winners get the trophy and the losers get nothing. Taken in that context, there is certainly no shortage of competition and incentive to achieve in the world of sports.

What is missing is the kind of system Aus22 advocates, Socialism - A system that punishes achievement in order to reward failure. Achievement is punished via a progressive taxation system; as individuals reach higher levels of accomplishment, they are forced to surrender ever greater portions of their rewards. The rewards that are taxed away from the achievers are then redistributed according to failure: Those who did absolutely no work, those who made no effort whatsoever, are the biggest beneficiaries of the Progressive taxation system and then the redistributive reward precipitously diminishes with each level of actual achievement. It this very type of system that leads to the greatest possible levels of income inequality. Only a select few would be driven to succeed regardless of the diminishing returns on their effort while an ever growing number of people would become satisfied with a system that allows them to benefit from the labor of others without having to accomplish anything themselves.
 
Let's see if we can translate those "incentive systems" into economic systems...

Purple represents the Communist system - Everyone who participated got exactly the same reward as everyone else regardless of achievement.

Blue would approximate a Capitalist system - Participants were rewarded in accordance with their achievement, the higher the level of accomplishment, the higher the level of compensation. Furthermore, each participant was able to keep what they had earned without fear of it being taken away and redistributed to participants who either didn't bother trying or had lower levels of achievement.

Black is a mystery, I have no idea what economic system that could possibly represent, the entire premise of that system being an economic system is absurd. My only guess would be that it approximates the reward system in sports, where the winners get the trophy and the losers get nothing. Taken in that context, there is certainly no shortage of competition and incentive to achieve in the world of sports.

What is missing is the kind of system Aus22 advocates, Socialism - A system that punishes achievement in order to reward failure. Achievement is punished via a progressive taxation system; as individuals reach higher levels of accomplishment, they are forced to surrender ever greater portions of their rewards. The rewards that are taxed away from the achievers are then redistributed according to failure: Those who did absolutely no work, those who made no effort whatsoever, are the biggest beneficiaries of the Progressive taxation system and then the redistributive reward precipitously diminishes with each level of actual achievement. It this very type of system that leads to the greatest possible levels of income inequality. Only a select few would be driven to succeed regardless of the diminishing returns on their effort while an ever growing number of people would become satisfied with a system that allows them to benefit from the labor of others without having to accomplish anything themselves.
Gen Seneca you are right the Purple represents the Communist system. Where there is complete equality there is no incentive to increase output. However there have been few such systems. The blue is a competitive Capitalist system where there is some chance for a large section of the population to share in the prize. This incentive leads to increase output. However Freeman claims that the Capitalist system in the the USA is not a competitive model . This is representative by the black where there is too much inequality for most to have an incentive to increase output. According to FREEMAN, "the main thrust of economic reform in most advanced countries post Reagan-Thatcher has been toward policies that benefit people in the top ranges of income distribution. Many goals- lowering marginal tax rates on high incomes, deregulating finance and other industries, lowering welfare state safety nets, privatising state-run businesses and giving tax breaks on capital income were design to create incentives for those at the top to make decisions to improve resource allocation and raise output"

However this did not happen in the US. Since 1970s upper income earners have gained nearly all of the improved productivity. In 1970 the upper come.1% received 8 % of income . In 2007 they received 18%..The income of the rest stagnated. . The US economy performed well enough before 2007 but since the recession it has collapse. The highly -leveraged financial house of cards collapse and the labour force was not flexible enough to quickly recover.

"The Us experience caste grave doubt on the proposition that more inequality br4ings more efficient performance. More and More studies are finding that rewarding only those at the top does not improve economic performance.
This article is too big to reproduce here but can be found on my web site
 
Freeman claims that the Capitalist system in the the USA is not a competitive model .
Freeman's claim is based on a false premise, we aren't using the Capitalist system here in the US. Instead we've been using the system you advocate, one that punishes achievement and rewards failure. As I said, that system is perverse, it encourages those at the bottom to remain at the bottom, lest they be punished by upward mobility. Those in the middle are punished for their achievements and watch as their hard earned income goes to those at the bottom. Those at the top take advantage of the fact that government is not barred from interfering in the economy, so while they as a group bear the brunt of the punishment known as Progressive Taxation, a select few are able to use their wealth to foster political connections that result in the Cronyism your perverse system allows.

It is the system you advocate that creates a widening gap in wealth and it's the system you advocate that allows Cronyism to flourish.

Many goals- lowering marginal tax rates on high incomes, deregulating finance and other industries, lowering welfare state safety nets, privatising state-run businesses and giving tax breaks on capital income were design to create incentives for those at the top to make decisions to improve resource allocation and raise output"
Tax rates are lower but the rest is nonsense. We have more regulations now than in any time in history, tens of thousands of new regulations are passed every single year, over 44,000 last year alone. Lowering welfare safety nets? Spending on the welfare state has exploded to the point where it consumes nearly 75% of our entire national budget every year, and that percentage is rising annually. And the US government has been busy nationalizing, not privatizing, businesses, such as AIG in the wake of the financial crisis.

Since 1970s upper income earners have gained nearly all of the improved productivity. In 1970 the upper come.1% received 8 % of income . In 2007 they received 18%..
Your information is inaccurate:

In 2009, this top 0.1 percent filed 137,982 tax returns, reporting 7.8 percent of all adjusted gross income earned and paying approximately 17.1 percent of the nation's federal individual income taxes. - TaxFoundation

The income of the rest stagnated. .
Again, false...

income_gains2007.gif


Additionally, these groups are not static. There is a great deal of income mobility between quintiles, large numbers of people move to adjacent brackets in both directions while a relatively small number rocket to the top or plummet to the bottom.

The US economy performed well enough before 2007 but since the recession it has collapse. The highly -leveraged financial house of cards collapse and the labour force was not flexible enough to quickly recover.
Had government gotten out of the way, rather than deficit spending for bailouts and stimulus, the recovery would have been swift and strong.

"The Us experience caste grave doubt on the proposition that more inequality br4ings more efficient performance.
Strawman... Nobody claims that inequality causes efficiency.

More and More studies are finding that rewarding only those at the top does not improve economic performance.
Strawman... Nobody has claimed that rewarding only those at the top improves economic performance. In fact, everyone is being "rewarded", not just those at the top. Those at the top do see their incomes increase faster than the rest because they are able to escape the punitive Progressive Taxation system through Capital Gains investments while the overwhelming majority of American cannot. If we abolished the medieval system of Progressive taxation and went to a flat tax rate of, lets say 15%, both economic activity and income gains would skyrocket.

This article is too big to reproduce here but can be found on my web site
I'm really not interested in reading any more of Mr. Freeman's thoughts on the subject, he isn't here to answer my questions or responds to the points I make, but you are.... So, without referring me to Freeman or offering up some specious statistical claims, I'd appreciate if you could explain your claim that income inequality causes someone to lose their incentive to earn using the following scenario:

You make X amount of income per year and it goes up by a small % per year.
Your neighbor currently also earns X but his income is increasing at a higher % rate.
At what percentage rate does your neighbor's increased income cause you lose your incentive to work?25%? 50%? 150%? 300%?
Why does this income inequality with your neighbor cause you to lose your incentive to work?
 
Freeman's claim is based on a false premise, we aren't using the Capitalist system here in the US. Instead we've been using the system you advocate, one that punishes achievement and rewards failure. As I said, that system is perverse, it encourages those at the bottom to remain at the bottom, lest they be punished by upward mobility. Those in the middle are punished for their achievements and watch as their hard earned income goes to those at the bottom. Those at the top take advantage of the fact that government is not barred from interfering in the economy, so while they as a group bear the brunt of the punishment known as Progressive Taxation, a select few are able to use their wealth to foster political connections that result in the Cronyism your perverse system allows.

It is the system you advocate that creates a widening gap in wealth and it's the system you advocate that allows Cronyism to flourish.


Tax rates are lower but the rest is nonsense. We have more regulations now than in any time in history, tens of thousands of new regulations are passed every single year, over 44,000 last year alone. Lowering welfare safety nets? Spending on the welfare state has exploded to the point where it consumes nearly 75% of our entire national budget every year, and that percentage is rising annually. And the US government has been busy nationalizing, not privatizing, businesses, such as AIG in the wake of the financial crisis.


Your information is inaccurate:

In 2009, this top 0.1 percent filed 137,982 tax returns, reporting 7.8 percent of all adjusted gross income earned and paying approximately 17.1 percent of the nation's federal individual income taxes. - TaxFoundation


Again, false...

income_gains2007.gif


Additionally, these groups are not static. There is a great deal of income mobility between quintiles, large numbers of people move to adjacent brackets in both directions while a relatively small number rocket to the top or plummet to the bottom.


Had government gotten out of the way, rather than deficit spending for bailouts and stimulus, the recovery would have been swift and strong.


Strawman... Nobody claims that inequality causes efficiency.


Strawman... Nobody has claimed that rewarding only those at the top improves economic performance. In fact, everyone is being "rewarded", not just those at the top. Those at the top do see their incomes increase faster than the rest because they are able to escape the punitive Progressive Taxation system through Capital Gains investments while the overwhelming majority of American cannot. If we abolished the medieval system of Progressive taxation and went to a flat tax rate of, lets say 15%, both economic activity and income gains would skyrocket.


I'm really not interested in reading any more of Mr. Freeman's thoughts on the subject, he isn't here to answer my questions or responds to the points I make, but you are.... So, without referring me to Freeman or offering up some specious statistical claims, I'd appreciate if you could explain your claim that income inequality causes someone to lose their incentive to earn using the following scenario:

You make X amount of income per year and it goes up by a small % per year.
Your neighbor currently also earns X but his income is increasing at a higher % rate.
At what percentage rate does your neighbor's increased income cause you lose your incentive to work?25%? 50%? 150%? 300%?
Why does this income inequality with your neighbor cause you to lose your incentive to work?


old memes die hard.
 
Gen Senca askAt what percentage rate does your neighbor's increased income cause you lose your incentive to work?25%? 50%? 150%? 300%?
Why does this income inequality with your neighbor cause you to lose your incentive to work?

I can not answer this. I have not done the research and Freeman does not give a figure. He links it to the Wall St protest which claims to represent 99%. However even your graph shows that the lowest group income rose very little. What incentive is it for those to work harder particurly if as some say wages have either not risen or are falling. As the cost of living is effected by the higher income of the rich, real wages for some groups must be falling
 
I can not answer this. I have not done the research and Freeman does not give a figure. He links it to the Wall St protest which claims to represent 99%. However even your graph shows that the lowest group income rose very little. What incentive is it for those to work harder particurly if as some say wages have either not risen or are falling. As the cost of living is effected by the higher income of the rich, real wages for some groups must be falling

just because low income rose little does not mean hard work does not increase your potential. for example, quite a lot of those low income people are petitioners who do nothing to increase their income. others are disabled or otherwise incapable of raising their lot. others still are just happy to be welfare dependent.

as I said before, the real world is far more complex than the simplistic experiment offered. it does make sense that he uses a meaningless experiment if he is linking to the OWS. he discredits himself with this as is a painfully silly movement as none of their arguments are even rational.
 
Dogtower. You do not understand economics. Those of the lower income have the highest propensity to consume. Even Pensioners and disable consume.
If they stop spending many businesses, Funeral homes, private hospitals, nursing services,even local shops receive less demand. This causes businesses to close. Real Income depends on prices. If Price rise higher than income than that sector can not spend as much as before
 
Dogtower. You do not understand economics. Those of the lower income have the highest propensity to consume. Even Pensioners and disable consume.
If they stop spending many businesses, Funeral homes, private hospitals, nursing services,even local shops receive less demand. This causes businesses to close. Real Income depends on prices. If Price rise higher than income than that sector can not spend as much as before


inflation has been low, fixed income spending has not gone down or up but it never does. my mention ing them was in conjunction with the smaller advances in income among the lowest levels in case that eluded you.

however those 20 million who are not in the labor force are not spending and without jobs that won't change.

adding job killing regulation retards job growth.
extending unemployment retards job growth.

the administration has done nothing to encourage job growth and much to hurt it. and it's response to the failure of it's policies is to double down on its failures.

I'd not be suggesting what I do or don't know about economics until you demonstrate your own expertise. glass houses and all...
 
GenSeneca:At what percentage rate does your neighbor's increased income cause you lose your incentive to work?25%? 50%? 150%? 300%?
Why does this income inequality with your neighbor cause you to lose your incentive to work?

I can not answer this. I have not done the research and Freeman does not give a figure.
No research is necessary. I am asking you, as an individual, at what point would an income gap between you and your neighbor cause you to lose your incentive to work? I can answer that question easily, Never. At no point would I ever stop trying to improve my lot in life, at no point would I stop going to work and earning a living, as best I can, in hopes of having a better life as a result. There simply is no rational reason why an income gap with my neighbor would cause me to stop acting in my own self interest.

So, if you cannot posit a specific amount that would cause you to lose your incentive to work, then at the very least you could answer WHY an income gap could cause you to lose your incentive to work.

He links it to the Wall St protest which claims to represent 99%.
I agree with Dog, linking his "research" to the OCC's discredits Freeman's work, it not objective, it is propaganda. Furthermore, the OCC's do not represent the 99%, they are the socialists, communists, and anarchists of our society. Even a cursory look at who organizes and funds these groups proves that.
However even your graph shows that the lowest group income rose very little.
Yes, it does and I make no attempt to hide this fact. What you are totally ignoring is the fact that these groups are not static, that is a fact that people like you and Mr. Freeman have to ignore because it obliterates your argument.

A full 53% of those in the bottom quintile rise to a higher quintile as a result of their incomes going up. For example, someone who graduates college is likely to be in the bottom group because they've been working part time jobs to get through school. However, once they graduate and begin their career, they jump to a higher quintile. That increase in pay is not counted towards the bottom quintile because they have moved out of it. To have an increase in income count towards a specific quintile requires that the increase in pay not cause you move to a higher quintile. Has no one ever explained this to you before, or do you know and choose to ignore such facts?

What incentive is it for those to work harder particurly if as some say wages have either not risen or are falling.
The incentive is to improve your own life. If "some say" wages have fallen or are stagnant, then you need to recognize that they are lying or are being lied to, I posted empirical evidence that shows wages have risen for every group. Until you understand that income quintiles are not static groups of people, none of the facts I present will mean anything to you.

As the cost of living is effected by the higher income of the rich,
I have seen zero evidence to support this assertion. If my neighbor suddenly starts making a million dollars a year, that doesn't increase the cost of anything I use or buy. If anything, rich people cause the cost of goods and services to come down. Some real world examples of this are Big Screen TV's and Computers. At one time, only rich people could afford them. Thanks to them buying these goods, the industry got the funding they needed to refine their products and begin mass production, making LCDTV's and Computers affordable for working class people like myself.

real wages for some groups must be falling
Statements like that show that you're the one who has no idea how economics works, it is not a zero sum game. The economy is not one big poker game where everyone has a certain amount of chips and any gains made by one person come at the expense of someone else. If economics worked the way you seem to think it does, the way you've been led to believe it does, the global GDP would never change - ever. There would be one static number for global GDP if what you believe were actually true but one simple look at an historical graph of global GDP shows that this is not the case:

world.gdp.pc.3.gif
 
Gen Senca, Incentive to work includes incentive to work harder, get qualifications and to move to a place where work is plentiful and more rearding.

In some cases those who start on a very low income in say manufacturing will do one of these things. But many do not. They see the high wages of those at the top and say as they can never reach this level and give up. I started this way, got an education including four university degrees , I also move to country places where jobs were available. However the rewards were not great enough to give me the incentive to go to a higher wage job.
I now live on a pension that puts me back near the bottom. I am still happy and not jealous of others on higher incomes. Living in Australia the pension is government provided and equals about $1000 a month. We also get rises to keep up with cost of living. Even those on the basic wage received a rise recently making their wages $17 an hour. This is the country I want. Of course wages will go up but so will cost of living. Those on higher incomes by their increase demand do put up the priices of some non imported goods and services. That why real wages have fallen for many.
 
They see the high wages of those at the top and say as they can never reach this level and give up.
If "they" choose to stop trying, if "they" choose NOT to advance themselves financially, who do you believe is responsible for their poor decision?

Of course wages will go up but so will cost of living. Those on higher incomes by their increase demand do put up the priices of some non imported goods and services. That why real wages have fallen for many.
Do you have any idea what the main factors are in determining the cost of living?
The Economist Intelligence Unit produces a bi-annual (twice yearly) worldwide cost of living survey that compares more than 400 individual prices across 160 products and services. They include food, drink, clothing, household supplies and personal care items, home rents, transport, utility bills, private schools, domestic help and recreational costs.
You are trying to claim that rich people buy so much food, so many drinks, clothes, household supplies, personal care items, rent so many homes, buy so many cars, purchase so much gas & electric, send their kids to so many private schools, hire so many domestic workers, and spend so much on vacations that they actually reduce the availability of these goods and services for everyone else... It would be funny if it weren't so tragic that you actually believe such nonsense.
 
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If "they" choose to stop trying, if "they" choose NOT to advance themselves financially, who do you believe is responsible for their poor decision?


Do you have any idea what the main factors are in determining the cost of living?
The Economist Intelligence Unit produces a bi-annual (twice yearly) worldwide cost of living survey that compares more than 400 individual prices across 160 products and services. They include food, drink, clothing, household supplies and personal care items, home rents, transport, utility bills, private schools, domestic help and recreational costs.
You are trying to claim that rich people buy so much food, so many drinks, clothes, household supplies, personal care items, rent so many homes, buy so many cars, purchase so much gas & electric, send their kids to so many private schools, hire so many domestic workers, and spend so much on vacations that they actually reduce the availability of these goods and services for everyone else... It would be funny if it weren't so tragic that you actually believe such nonsense.
If you are working for a boss in an unequal economy than the blame lies with those who prevent you advancing. It is not always your fault you do not get a rise in pay or a better job.
Everybody demand contributes to the cost of living not just the very rich.
 
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